Process of deodorizing offensive gaseous emanations from organic matter



Y. HENDERSON 'AND'y H. w. HAGGARD. PROCESS 0F DEODORIZING OFFENSIVE GASEOUS EMANATIONS FROM ORGANIC MATTER.

` Arme/mou msn MR. 5, 1921.

Patented Mar. 21

TI im.

l UNITED fSTA-TESUPATENT oFF-ICE.

YANDELL HENDERSON, 0F

NEW HAVEN, AND HOWARD W. 0F woon- BRIDGE, coNNEoTIcUT.

Pnoonss or DEoDoRIzING oFFENsIvE GAsEoUs EMANATIoNs FROM ORGANIC v MATTER.

To all who/m, t may concern:

Be it known that we, YANDELL HENDERSON and HOWARD W. HAGGARD, citizens of the United States, residing, respectively,at New Haven and Woodbridge, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a 'new and useful Improvement in Processes of Deodorizing'Ofensive Ga'seous Emanations from Organic Matter; and we do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection'withthe accompanying drawing and the characters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawing constitutes part of this application, and'represents a schematic view showing the application of our improved process and apparatus to a plant for rotting manure.

Our invention relates to an improvedl process of deodorizing offensive gaseous emana-V tions from organic matter such for instance as the offensive contentfof the eliuent air of Ventilating systems of whatever character, the object being tov provide, at a low cost, simple and effective means of `deodorizing offensive' and unsanitary air vso as to overcome the public nuisance following the dil/s# charge of such air into the atmosphere.

With these ends in view, ourinvention consists in the process to be hereinafter described and pointed out in theiclaims.

For the illustration of our invention we have'chosen to show it as applied to an yestablishment or plant using large quantities of horse manure which must be turned over v and' over in the process of rotting it and pne- ,paring it for use. We would have it understood, however, that we'do not limit the use of our invention to such establishments, as it is applicable to a great variety of situations in which air, charged with offensive or deleterious odors, however developed, is removed 'by means of a Ventilating system and discharged intotheratmosphere. In the application of our invention to a manure plant, a mass of manure 2 is shown' as piled upon the concrete floor 3 of vva bullding having concrete side walls 4 supporting a roof structure 5.. Horizontal girders 6 located within the building support a 'blower 7, which may be of any standard type, such as .the Sturtevant'blower. i This blower is of a feed-pip 25 and entering the flue 8 at. a point just in i Specification of Letters Patent, Patented Mall', 21,l 1922, Application mea March 5, 1921.

Serial N o. 449,636.

tion, the airwithin the buildingl will bedrawn into the blower and expelled from the building through the iue 8 into the stack 10 under. more or less pressure, which will vary with the speed of the blower, the size of y,

the iiue, and other factors, the general course of the air from the manure pile 2 to the blower 7 being indicated by arrows 12. As the air, under pressure, 'leaves the blower and enters the flue, itireceive a'small predete'rminedl quantityof chlorine gas froml a perforated chlorinator nozzle 13 located in' the iue at af point close to the blower, this nozzle belng supplied with chlorine gas/from a low-pressure feed-pipe 14 connected, as

Shown, with a chlorine meter 15l receiving a supply of chlorine g'as from :a pressure compensator 16, which maintains a uniform pressure of dgas in the feed-pipe 14 and which is connecte n 18 and 19 of liquid chlorineVthese tanks beby a'supply-pipe 17 with tanksing placed on a platform 20 supported on girders 21. The pressure in the supply-pipe 17 atany given time is indicated by a pressure-gage 22, while a preure-'gage 23 indi-v cates at any given, time the pressure in Vthel feed-pipe 14.

For the effectivev action of chlorine gas .as

a deodorizing agent there must be some moisture present. f the efliuent air to be deodorized is not sufficiently moist, we'employ a-hydrator 24 consisting, as shown, simply e connected with a steam-plpe advance ofv the chlorine-nozzle. "13. course, where the air to be deodorizedvis supplied with asuicient amount of moisture for the effective reaction of the' chlorine (as probably would be in the case of deodorizing the air rising from rotting manure), a hydrator would not ordinarily be necessary,

but is shown as illustrating'the mannerof its use in ,situations Where the air-to be deodorized is. dry.

In worklng a manure pile over and over during the process of rotting it, the odors rising from it are so objectionable and generally with such a heavy ammonia -content, that the air must be constantly removed by a Ventilating system to enable the work-r men to stay in the pit and turn over the manure. If the .air is removed by a blower and discharged into the atmosphere, the same is so polluted as to create a public nuisance. Under our invention, this objection is removed by chlorinating the effluent air and thereafter confining the same for a sufficient period before it is discharged into the outer air, to permit the chlorine to .act upon and deordorize it. As soon as the blower is started, the valves of the chlorine tanks 15 and 16 are opened to permit the `feeding to the nozzle 13 of a predetermined quantity of chlorine gas, which is commingled with the column of air being forced past the nozzle by the blower 7'into the long deodorizing flue 8, in which the c'ommingled foul Aair and chlorin gas are confined until the latter has, in its reactions upon the former, completely deordorized it, afterwhich it'passes into the stack for discharge into the atmosphere. Practical ldemonstrations on a large scale have shown that the heavily laden fumes of rotting manure are completely deodorized by our improved process and apparatus, despite the presence in the air of considerable amounts of ammonia,l supposed heretofore vto nullify the action vof chlorine asa deordorizing agent.

- While'we are not, at this time, prepared to give la comprehensive list of the odoriferous'compounds entering into the air and rendering it intolerable or extremely objectionable, which are nullified by the use of our roved process and ap aratus, we insert a 11st of compounds nulli ed thereby:

I.- Odoriferous organic hydrosulphides and sulphydrates, such as: ethyl mercaptan, ethyl sulphide, methyl mercaptan, etc.

II. Aldehydes, ketones, and aromatic alcohols with disagreeable odors.

III.. The secondary amines which have unpleasant odors, as, for example: trimethylamine. y

IV. Higher members of the olifme series, the carboxy derivatives of the paraiiines,

,and fatty acids and their derivatives, such as: butyrate, valerianate, heptylate, laurate, myristicate.

V. Besides the above many odoriferous compounds of extremely complex and little known structure.

We would have it understood," as already stated, that #we do not limit the application of our invention to deordorizing the airv rising from rotting manure, but consider that a great variety of uses in a great variety of situations fall within the purview of and are covered by our invention.

We are .aware that liquid chlorine has been used in the field of sanitation to sterilize water and sewage, liquid industrial wastes and tannery eliuents. We also are aware of the use of chlorine gas in the disinfection of buildings and factories in place of fumigants, but we believe that we are the first to deordorize the effluent air of Ventilating systems by injecting chlorine gasinto'confined efiiuent air and retaining such eiiiuent air in confinement until its chlorine content has deodorized it, after which it is permitted to escape 'into the atmosphere. Our method and .apparatus are applicable to the deodorization of the effluent air of garbage, however treated.

We claim:

1. A i process of deodorizing offensive gaseous emanations from organic substances, comprising admixing with an air current carrying the same chlorine in gaseous form and in amount sufficient when admixed with said current to substantially remove all objectionable odor therefrom.

T2. A process of deodorizing air carrying offensive odors arising from organic matter, which consists in conducting. said air through a chamber and injecting gaseous chlorine into it during its passage v.therethrough and causing a thorough admixing to permit the chlorine to substantially removeall objectionable odor before the discharge thereof from said chamber.

3. A process of deodorizing efliuent air from Ventilating systems, consisting in injecting gaseous chlorine and moisture into the effluent air current, and causing an admixture of the same to permit the chlorine to substantially remove all objectionable odor.

4. A process of dedorizing the eiuent air from Ventilating s stems, consistingin in-l jecting/ gaseous ch orine and moisture into the confined eiiuent air current, causing an admixture of the same to permit the chlorine to substantially remove all objectionable odor, and then allowing the discharge of said air to thelatmosphere.

5. `A process of deodorizing the efiiuent "air from ventilating systems, consisting in injecting gaseous chlorine into the efiiuent air current, and causing an admixture of the same to permit the chlorine to substantially remove all objectionable odor.

, YANDELL HENDERSON. HOWARD W. HAGGARD. 

